Publications

Zhou, HM; Wang, CJ; Zhang, GD; Xue, HZ; Wang, JD; Wan, HW (2020). Generating a Spatio-Temporal Complete 30 m Leaf Area Index from Field and Remote Sensing Data. REMOTE SENSING, 12(15), 2394.

Abstract
The leaf area index (LAI) is an important parameter for vegetation monitoring and land surface ecosystem research. Although a variety of LAI products have been generated, the moderate to coarse spatial resolution and low temporal resolution of these products are insufficient for regional-scale analysis. In this study, a modified ensemble Kalman filter model (MEnKF) was proposed to generate spatio-temporal complete 30 m LAI data. High-quality, filtered historical Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LAI data were used to obtain the LAI background, and an LAI temporal dynamic model was constructed based on it. An improved back-propagation (BP) neural network based on a simulated annealing algorithm (SA-BP) was constructed with paired Landsat surface reflectance data and field LAI data to generate a 30 m LAI. The MEnKF was used to estimate the spatio-temporal complete LAI beginning from the LAI peak value position where Landsat observations were available. The spatio-temporal 30 m LAI was estimated in farmland (Pshenichne), grassland (Zhangbei), and woodland (Genhe) sites. The results indicate that the MEnKF-estimated LAI is consistent with the field measurements for all sites (the coefficient of determination (R-2)=0.70; root mean squared error (RMSE)=0.40) and is better than that of the conventional sequence data assimilation algorithm (R-2=0.40; RMSE=0.78). The regional LAI captures the vegetation growth pattern and is consistent with the Landsat LAI, with an R-2 larger than 0.65 and an RMSE less than 0.51. The proposed MEnKF algorithm, which effectively avoids error accumulation in the data assimilation scheme, is an efficient method for spatio-temporal complete 30 m LAI estimation.

DOI:
10.3390/rs12152394

ISSN: