Publications

Zhang, ZW; Wang, N; Ma, LL; Zhang, BB; Zhao, YG; Li, W (2025). Simulation and evaluation of mid-infrared sea surface sun glint directional radiation. JOURNAL OF INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVES, 44(2), 212-226.

Abstract
The energy received in the mid-infrared (MIR) band at the sensor's aperture includes both reflected solar energy and the emitted energy from Earth's surface. Typically, the reflected solar energy in this band is weak. However, under certain conditions, such as in sun glint regions on the sea surface, the reflected solar energy detected by the MIR channel can be substantial. Currently, the application of sun glints physical models in the MIR band is not yet-clear. This study investigates the accuracy of applying different visible light and shortwave infrared sun glint models in the MIR band to evaluate their applicability. The paper selects three models, namely Breon-Henriot, Ebuchi-Kizu, to first Wu, and evaluate the sensitivity of each sun glint model. Subsequently, four selected MODIS sun glint images as data sources, and to evaluate their applicability ERA5 reanalysis data matched with satellite data wal usel to calculate atmopheric parameters. The solar radiation intensity reflected by the sea surface is computed using the three models. The ac- curacy of each model is then further validated with an MIR radiation transfer model. The results show that the Breon-Henriot model generally performs best in terms of correlation coefficient and root-mean-square error compared to MO- DIS measurements. These findings not only extend the application range of sun glint models in the MIR band but also enhance the MIR forward modeling system, providing new theoretical support for MIR radiation transfer and improving the effectiveness and accuracy of MIR remote sensing products in climate change monitoring and sea surface temperature dynamic analysis.

DOI:
10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2025.02.010

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