Publications

Kochhar, A; Patel, S; Gupta, R; Dhaliwal, MK; Pateriya, B (2025). Land surface temperature variability and climate change assessment for Ludhiana's tehsils using google earth engine. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY, 156(4), 228.

Abstract
Land surface temperature (LST) is a key indicator of land-atmosphere interactions and has growing significance in fields like climate studies, public health, and energy management. This study analyzes LST variability in Punjab, particularly focusing on Ludhiana district and its tehsils, using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and Google Earth Engine (GEE). The aim is to evaluate long-term temperature changes from 2001 to 2021 and identify significant patterns at the tehsil level, stressing the need for localized governance strategies. The research calculates and maps monthly average LST for each tehsil and compares recent years (2022-2024) with the 20-year mean to assess temperature deviations. Time series charts visualize LST trends, providing a year-round analysis. The study also highlights the record-setting heatwave of summer 2024, which significantly impacted Ludhiana. Additionally, the relationship between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and LST is explored for potential mitigation solutions. Notable findings include significant LST increases in Ludhiana East and West during summer, with cooler temperatures in Raikot during winter. The year 2024 stands out with higher LST values, suggesting hotter summers and colder winters. The results also point to a shift in temperature patterns, with both positive and negative anomalies appearing within the same months and years across different tehsils. This variability underscores the need for localized, adaptive governance to manage changing climate conditions effectively.

DOI:
10.1007/s00704-025-05453-8

ISSN:
1434-4483