Publications

Rishma, C; Katpatal, YB (2016). Footprints of El Nino Southern Oscillation on Rainfall and NDVI-Based Vegetation Parameters in River Basin in Central India. JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING, 21(12), 5016030.

Abstract
Assessing the impacts of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on hydrological cycle is critical for irrigation scheduling and water resources management. The ENSO-rainfall teleconnections in Venna River Basin in Maharashtra, India, and its impacts on vegetation have been identified in this study by using rainfall data, moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Spatiotemporal analysis indicates correlation of rainfall with ENSO. Spatial variation in rainfall harmonizes with topography of the region, and a respective decrement and increment of 200-400mm of rainfall at higher and lower elevations are seen to be associated with El Nino and La Nina events. This study also records the impacts of varying intensities of ENSO, causing inconsistencies in parameters, namely, premonsoon and postmonsoon vegetation growth, phenological parameters, and crop water requirements. The correlation of NDVI-precipitation studied by mean square error (MSE) and lagged correlation analyses shows a time-lag effect of 2months. It is estimated that the percentage area of dense vegetation is maximum in La Nina (15.6% in 2011) and minimum in El Nino (1.2% in 2009). A 20% threshold graphical method introduced in the study reveals that El Nino and La Nina are associated with late (July) and early (June) start of season (Ss), respectively. This study also reveals that crop coefficient and water requirements are more for the ENSO cold phase than for the warm phase. (C) 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.

DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001440

ISSN:
1084-0699